Kelly’s Directory of Essex

Greensted-juxta-Ongar

GREENSTED-juxta-ONGAR is an ancient parish, 1 mile west from Ongar and 21 from London, in the Western division of the county, Ongar hundred, union and petty sessional division, Brentwood county court district, rural deanery of Ongar, archdeaconry of Essex and diocese of St Albans.

The small church of St. Andrew is one of the most singular and ancient in the kingdom, and consists of a chancel, nave and a western tower of wood with shingled spire, containing 2 bells, one which is dated 1618.

The nave is composed of the trunks of large oak or chestnut trees, split or sawn asunder, roughly hewn on both sides and set upright close to each other, being let into a sill at the bottom and fastened with wooden pins to a plate at the top.

The church is 29ft. 9in. long, 14ft. wide and 5ft. 6in. high on the sides which support the roof, and is believed to be the original structure erected as a temporary shrine in which the body of St. Edmund, king of the East Angles, murdered by the Danes, November 20 A.D. 870, was deposited for the night on its translation from London to Bury St. Edmunds in A.D. 1013.

There are some modern carvings of St. Edmund’s head and various relics, including a fragment of stained glass about six inches in diameter, having on it a crowned head, supposed to represent St. Edmund and now fixed in a modern stained window at the end of the nave.

A portion on the venerable oak tree at Hoxne, against which this king was supposed to have been tied at his martyrdom, is preserved in the rectory, where also is an oil painting of him.

The tree itself, known as St. Edmund’s oak, was 20 feet in circumference, with branches extending over a radius of 84 feet; it fell September 11, 1848 (at which time, by a singular coincidence, the timber walls of Greensted church were undergoing repair), and on examination an old arrow head was found deeply imbedded in the trunk.

There are monuments to the Smyth, Cleeve and Ord families.

Parish Registers and Living

The register of baptisms dates from 1562; burials, 1561; marriages, 1576.

The living is a rectory, yearly value from tithe rent charge £200, with 29 acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of the Bishop of London, and held since 1880 by the Rev. Frederic Rose B.A. of Queen’s College, Cambridge, and formerly curate (1873-80) of St. Botolph, Aldgate, the curates of which have first claim to the living, arising from a bequest of the Rev. Benjamin Pratt M.A. vicar of St. Botolph’s (1699-1715), who purchased the living of Greensted.

Land and Population

The land in the parish, with the exception of 40 acres, the property of Mrs. William Smith, belongs to the trustees of the late Captain Philip John Budworth.

The soil is various; subsoil, gravel. The chief crops are wheat, barley and roots.

The area is 681 acres; rateable value, £1,004; the population in 1881 was 88.

Parish Services

Parish Clerk: William Holt.

Wall Letter Box, Toot Hill: cleared at 5.45p.m. Letters arrive from Brentwood via Ongar, which is the nearest money order and telegraph office, at 7.30a.m.

The School here is discontinued; the children now attend that at Ongar.

Residents

• Etherton George Robert
• Hewett William, Greensted hall
• Rose Rev. Frederic B.A. Rectory
• Smith Mrs. William, Greensted house

Commercial

• Chalmers David, farmer, Lodge farm
• Custance John D. farmer
• Dodson Frederic, farmer, Newhouse
• Jones John Angus, farmer, Greensted Hall farm

Stanford Rivers

STANFORD RIVERS is supposed to have derived from its name from a stony ford through the River Roding; the addition, “Rivers,” being derived from the family of that name who resided here in 1213: it is a widely-scattered parish, situated on the London road, 19 miles from London, 3 south-west from Ongar station and 7 south-east from Epping, in the Western division of the county, Ongar hundred, petty sessional division and union, Brentwood county court district, rural deanery of Lambourne, archdeaconry of Essex, and diocese of St. Albans.

St. Margaret’s Church

The church of St. Margaret id a plain building of stone, chiefly in the Norman style, consisting of chancel, nave, and a western tower of wood, with spire, and containing 2 bells.

In the south wall of the nave is a brass, with kneeling figure of a lady and six children and an inscription to “Anne Napper, late the wife of William Napper, gent. and daughter of William Shelton esq. ob. 1584”.

In the chancel is another brass, to “Catherine Mvlcaster, wife of Charles Mvlcaster”, to whom she was married 50 years, ob. 1609.

There is also a brass with the effigy to Thomas Greville, infant, ob. 1492, another to Thomas Barrow esq. ob. 1503; and figures of a man in armour and his wife, c. 1540.

The Petres were formerly large proprietors here, and there are many flat stones in the chancel inscribed to members of this family.

Several members of the Stuart family, Earls and Marquises of Bute, were buried here, but with the exception of two they have been removed to Roath in Glamorganshire.

Parish Registers and Living

The register dates from the year 1538.

The living is a rectory, net yearly value £560, with residence, in the gift of the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and held since 1868 by the Rev. Robert Rolleston B.A. of University College, Oxford.

Here is a Congregational chapel.

Ongar Union Workhouse and Charity

The workhouse for Ongar union is situated here.

There is a charity of £400 left by Mary Rayner in 1871 to be invested in India 5 per Cents. and the interest is annually distributed to the poor of the parish in clothing.

Landowners, Agriculture and Population

The principal landowners are Sir C. C. Smith bart. K.C.M.G. M.A. Government House, Singapore, who is lord, Capt. George Edward Capel Cure, of 20 Eaton square, London S.W. and Thomas Wilson esq.

The soil is clay or heavy loam; subsoil, clay, gravel or sand. The chief crops are wheat, barley, beans &c.

The area is 4,402 acres of land and 12 of water; rateable value, £5,649; the population in 1881 was 975, including 135 officers and inmates in Ongar workhouse.

LITTLEBURY is 1 mile east from the church. TOOT HILL is 2 miles north-west.

Parish and Postal Services

Parish Clerk: James Woolmore.

Post Office: Mrs. Elizabeth Richardson, postmistress. Letters from Romford arrive at 8a.m.; delivered at 8.15a.m.; dispatched at 5.55p.m. Passingham Bridge (sic) is the nearest money order office, & Chipping Ongar the nearest telegraph office.

Post Office, Toot Hill: Frank Herbert Garrett, sub-postmaster. Letters arrive from Ongar at 7.15a.m.; dispatched at 5.30p.m. The nearest money & telegraph office is at Chipping Ongar.

Wall Letter Box, Toot Hill: cleared at 5.45p.m., sundays at 10 a.m.

Ongar Union Workhouse

Chipping Ongar Union Workhouse, Rev. Charles Albert Barnes, chaplain; Matthew Henry Gratton L.K.Q.C.P.trel, medical officer; Robert William Low, master; Mrs. Ellen Low, matron.

National School

National School (mixed), built in 1850, for 120 children; average attendance, 100; Henry Newmarsh, master; Mrs. Jane Newmarsh, mistress.

Residents

• Barnes Rev. Charles Albert (chaplain to the Ongar Union), Stanford house
• Barnett, Col. Charles, St. John
• Duff Thomas W., Traceys
• Palmer Mrs., Stanford house
• Rolleston Rev. Robert B.A., Rectory

Commercial

• Berry William, shopkeeper
• Brown Joseph, blacksmith
• Christy David, frmr, Stanford Rivers hall
• Duncan Margaret (Miss), farmer, Berwick farm
• Edwards Sarah (Mrs.), shopkeeper
• Freeman & Palmer, farmers, Toot Hill
• Freeman John, cattle dealer & farmer, Murrell’s farm
• Freeman John S. jun. farmer & cattle dealer, The Lawns & Traceys
• Hutchins William, hay carter
• Lane George, shopkeeper
• Lawrence Saml. farmer, Freeman’s frm
• McConnell Jas. farmer, Ongar Park hall
• Millbank Charles Alfred, farmer, Burrows & Clark’s farms, Toot Hill
• Millbank William Appleby, Widows farm, Toot Hill
• Mugleston Robt. B. farmer, Littlebury
• Mugleston William Henry, agent
• Murton Frederic, beer retailer
• Owers John, Green Man P.H. & baker, Toot Hill
• Palmer James, farmer, Bridge farm
• Piggott Mary Ann (Mrs.), beer retailer, Toot Hill
• Read William, shoe maker, Toot Hill
• Smith Peter, farmer, Steers & Does
• Staines Stephen, wheelwright, Toot Hill
• Surridge Dl. miller (wind), Toot Hill mill
• Surridge Hannah (Mrs.), farmer, Toot Hill
• Tanner Frederick, White Bear P.H
• Tucker James, Hay carter
• Waltham Richd, farmer, Mitchells farm
• Wilson William, shopkeeper

THEYDON MOUNT is a parish, situated on the banks of the Roding and on the London road, 7 miles south-west from Ongar, 3 miles south-east of Epping station, and 17 from London, in the Western division of the county, Ongar union and hundred, Epping petty sessional division, Brentwood county court district, rural deanery of Lambourne, archdeaconry of Essex and diocese of St. Albans.

St. Michael’s Church

The church of St. Michael, which was struck by lightning and destroyed in the 17th century, was rebuilt by Sir William Bowyer-Smijth 1st bart. of that name, and is now an edifice of stone in the Norman style, consisting of a chancel and nave, and an embattled western tower containing one bell.

There are monuments of the Smijths from 1577 to 1815, including a canopied tomb, with effigy, to Sit Thomas Smijth kt. principal secretary of state to Edward VI and Queen Elizabeth, ob. 1577, and Philippa, his wife, ob. 1578, and another fine tomb with effigies to Col. Sir Wiilliam Smijth, of Hill Hall, kt. D.L. ob. 1626, erected by Bridget (Fleetwood), his widow.

There are 350 sittings.

Parish Registers and Living

The register dates from the year 1564.

The living is a rectory, united with that of Stapleford Tawney, joint net yearly value, including 152 acres of glebe, about £700, with residence, in the gift of Sir William Bowyer-Smijth bart. and held since 1872 by Rev. Lewis Newcomen Prance M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, F.S.A.Lond. and rural dean of Lambourne, who resides at Stapleford Tawney rectory, Romford.

Hill Hall and Landownership

Hill Hall, the seat of the Smijths, is a quadrangular mansion built in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, but has now been for several years unoccupied.

Sir W. Bowyer Smijth bart. J.P. still owns the Hall, but resides at Attleborough Hall, Norfolk, is lord of the manor and principal landowner.

Agriculture and Population

The soil is mixed; subsoil, London clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, roots and beans.

The area is 1,500 acres; rateable value, £1,703; the population in 1881 was 148.

Parish and Postal Services

Parish Clerk: Thomas Merriday.

Pillar Letter Box: cleared at 7.15a.m. & 6.45 p.m. Letters from Epping, the nearest money order & telegraph office, arrive at 7.30 & 9.10a.m. & 7.30p.m.

Church School

Church School, built, with headteacher’s house, in 1846, for 50 children; average attendance, 29; Mrs. Mary Gray, mist.

Commercial

• Merriday Thomas, blacksmith
• Miller Jacob, farmer, New farm
• Miller Thomas, farmer
• Smith James, farmer, Skinners farm
• Stubbins Thomas, shoe maker

Stanford Rivers

STANFORD RIVERS is supposed to have derived from its name from a stony ford through the river Roding; the addition, “Rivers” being derived from the family of that name who resided there in 1213; it is a widely scattered parish, on the London road, 3 miles south-west from Ongar station on the branch of the Great Eastern railway, 7 south-east from Epping; 7 from Brentwood, and 19 from London, in the Western division of the county, Ongar hundred, petty sessional division and union, Brentwood county court district, and in the Ongar rural deanery, archdeaconry of Essex, and diocese of St. Albans.

St. Margaret’s Church

The church of St. Margaret id a plain building of stone, chiefly in the Norman style, consisting of chancel, nave, and a western tower of wood, with spire, and containing 2 bells.

In the south wall of the nave is a brass, with kneeling figure of a lady and six children and an inscription to “Anne Napper, late the wife of William Napper, gent. and daughter of William Shelton esq. ob. 1584”.

In the chancel is another brass, to “Catherine Mvlcaster, wife of Charles Mvlcaster”, to whom she was married 50 years, ob. 1609.

There is a brass also with the effigy to Thomas Greville, infant, ob. 1492, another to Thomas Barrow esq. ob. 1503; and figures of a man in armour and his wife, c. 1540.

The Petres were formerly large proprietors here, and there are many flat stones in the chancel inscribed to members of this family.

Several members of the Stuart family, Earls and Marquises of Bute, were buried here, but with the exception of two they have been removed to Roath in Glamorganshire: the church has 300 sittings.

Parish Registers and Living

The register dates from the year 1538.

The living is a rectory, net yearly value £500, with 52 acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and held since 1901 by the Rev. John Ishmael Thomas B.A. of St. David’s College, Lampeter.

Here is a Congregational chapel, erected in 1829 with 150 sittings.

Ongar Union Workhouse and Charity

The Ongar union workhouse is in this parish.

A charity of £400 left by Mary Rayner in 1871 is invested in India 3 per Cents. and the interest is annually distributed in clothing to the poor of the parish.

Landowners, Agriculture and Population

The principal landowners are Lady Cunliffe Smith, of Suttons, Stapleford Tawney, who is lady of the manor, Major George Edward Capel Cure, of Ettington, Warw., and Thomas Wilson esq.

The soil is clay or heavy loam; subsoil, clay, gravel or sand. The chief crops are wheat, barley, beans &c.

The area is 4,405 acres of land and 9 of water; rateable value, £5,216; the population in 1901 was 908, including 120 officers and inmates in Ongar workhouse.

LITTLEBURY is 1 mile east from the church. TOOT HILL is 2 miles north-west.

Parish and Postal Services

Parish Clerk: James Judd.

Post Office: Mrs. Elizabeth Richardson, sub-postmistress. Letters from Ongar arrive at 6.55 & 11.25a.m.; dispatched at 10.5a.m. & 6p.m.; Sundays, arrive 6.55a.m.; dispatched 4.40p.m. Ongar is the nearest money order & telegraph office, 2½ miles distant.

Wall Letter Box, on the Drill house: cleared at 8.30a.m. and 6p.m., Sundays at 10.5a.m.

Ongar Union Workhouse

Chipping Ongar Union Workhouse, Rev. J. I. Thomas B.A., chaplain; Geoffrey Remington Wilson M.B., B.C., medical officer; John Underwood, master; Mrs. E.E. Underwood, matron.

Public Elementary School

Public Elementary School (mixed), built in 1850, for 220 children; average attendance, 140; George A. Howgate, master.

This school is under the control of the Essex Education (Ongar District) Advisory Sub-Committee, Arnold Richardson, Ongar, clerk.

Railway and Police

Railway Station, Blake Hall: Alfred Drage, station mast.

County Police: Charles Arnold, constable.

Stanford Rivers

Marked * letters through Romford.

• *Freeman Dudley, Manor house
• Holton Francis William Parke, Stanford house
• Johnstone Misses, Cesslands
• Thomas Rev. John Ishmael B.A. (rector), Rectory

Commercial

• Bingley Ranolph D. & Percival H farmers, Stanford Rivers hall
• Freeman John S. farmer & cattle dealer, Traceys, Lawns, Wayletts & Murrells farms (letters though Stapleford Tawney, Romford)
• *Green Chas. Wm. White Bear hotel
• Hollingsworth Herbt. S. shopkeeper
• *Johnstone William I. land steward to Sir Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart. Wayletts
• Moore Fras. Chas. Holly Tree laundry
• Mugleston Jsph. frmr. Littlebury hall
• Palmer Ellen (Mrs.), farmer, Bridge & Stewart’s farms
• *Rowe W. Fdk. beer retlr. & carpntr
• Seymour Arthur Edward, shopkeeper
• *Tucker Henry, farmer
• *Tyrell Robert Watkinson, blacksmith
• *Waltham Richd. frmr., Mitchell’s frm
• *White Ellen (Miss), frmr, Berwick frm
• *Wright Daniel, head keeper to Sir Cunliffe Smith

Toot Hill

• Edgar Thomas, Stewart’s farm
• Lockyer George Henry, Doe’s farm

Commercial

• Campbell John M. farmer, Wheats fm
• Crouch James, farmer, Freeman’s frm
• Garrett Frank H. boot maker
• Kerr James, farmer, Ongar Park hall
• Millbank Charles Alfred, farmer, Burrows & Clark’s farms
• Millbank Harry, farmer, Weald’s & Coleman’s farms
• Millbank William Appleby, farmer, Widow’s farm
• Mitchell William, farmer, Manor frm
• Owers Emma (Mrs.), Green Man P.H.
• Pledge George, farmer, Blake’s farm
• Sawkins George, grocer & baker
• Welsh Frederick Joseph, beer retailer

STAPLEFORD TAWNEY, which has this adjunct from the family of Tany, who owned it in the reign of Henry III, is a parish, on the north side of the Roding, opposite to Stapleford Abbots, 4¾ miles west from Theydon Bois station on the Great Eastern railway, 5 south-west from Ongar, 5 south-east from Epping, 7 north from Romford, and 17 from London, in the Western division of the county, Ongar hundred, petty sessional division and union, Romford county court district, rural deanery of Chigwell, archdeaconry of Essex and diocese of St. Albans.

St. Mary’s Church

The church of St. Mary is a small and ancient structure of flint in the Early English style, consisting of chancel, nave, south aisle, south porch and western belfry with spire containing 2 bells, dated 1611 and 1630.

An organ was presented in 1873 by Reginald H. Prance esq.

There are mural tablets to the Smith family and many flat stones to that of Luther from 1619 and later.

In the chancel is a tomb with a brass inscription to a member of the Scott family, dated 1510.

The church was restored in 1861 at a cost of £1,200, and during the progress of the work two stone coffins were discovered in the chancel.

A new panelled roof was added in 1884, and the late Sir Charles C. Smith, 3rd bart. (d. 1905), also presented a handsome mosaic reredos.

There are 200 sittings.

Parish Registers and Living

The register dates from the year 1538.

The living is a vicarage, with that of Theydon Mount annexed, average joint net yearly value £536, with 15 acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of Sir W. Bowyer Smijth bart. and held since 1872 by the Rev. Lewis Newcomen Prance M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, F.S.A. and rural dean of Lambourne.

Charities and Suttons

Charities amounting to about £25, derived from interest on Consols., are yearly distributed.

Suttons, the seat of Sir Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart. is a modern building of stone, picturesquely situated in a finely wooded park through which the river Roding flows.

Sir William Bowyer Smijth bart. is lord of the manor, and principal landowner.

Agriculture and Population

The soil is mixed; subsoil, heavy clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, beans and oats.

The area is 1,621 acres of land and 7 of water; rateable value, £1,798; the population in 1901 was 224; the population of the ecclesiastical parish was 347.

Parish Clerk: Henry Starling.

PASSINGFORD BRIDGE 1 mile south, is a place in this parish on the road from Ongar to London.

Police and Postal Services

Police Station: William Parke, constable in charge.

Post, M. O. & T. Office: Frank Page, sub-postmaster. Letters through Romford arrive at 5.45 & 9.40a.m.; dispatched at 1.55 & 6.45p.m. week days; arrive 5.50a.m. & dispatched 6.45p.m. Sundays.

Wall Letter Box at Church: cleared at 8.15a.m. & 6p.m. week days & 8.15a.m. Sundays.

Public Elementary School

Public Elementary School (mixed), built in 1874, for 75 children; average attendance, 23; Miss Alice Boses, mistress.

This school is controlled by the Essex Education (Ongar District) Sub-Committee, Arnold Richardson, Ongar, clerk.

(Marked thus + to receive their letters through Epping)

Private Residents

• Blott Harold Owen, Little Tawney hall
• Page George Harris, Talbot house
• Prance Rev. Lewis Newcomen M.A. (rector and rural dean), Rectory
• Smith Sir Drummond Cunliffe bart. Suttons

Commercial

• +Dockrill John, beer ret. Common
• Green Anthony, farmer, Suttons farm
• Miller Barbara C. (Mrs.), farmer, Tawney hall
• +Miller Eliza Grace (Mrs.), farmer, Wood hatch
• +Miller Jacob David, frmr, New frm
• Parker George, blacksmith & shoeing smith
• Pittam Edward, shopkeeper
• Sarling Josiah, boot maker
• Scott Reginald Penkeith, farmer, Howfields
• +Stubbins Thomas, farmer, Common
• Woolley Geo. head gardener to Sir John Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart.

THEYDON MOUNT is a parish, on the banks of the Roding and on the London road, 3 miles south-east of Epping station on the Ongar branch of the Great Eastern railway, 7 south-west from Ongar and 17 from London, in the Western division of the county, Ongar union and hundred, Epping petty sessional division, Brentwood county court district, rural deanery of Chigwell, archdeaconry of Essex and diocese of St. Albans.

St. Michael’s Church

The church of St. Michael, which was struck by lightning and destroyed in the 17th century, was rebuilt by Sir William Bowyer-Smijth bart. and is now an edifice of brick in the Jacobean style, consisting of a chancel, nave, south porch and an embattled western tower containing one bell.

There are monuments of the Smijths from 1577 to 1815, including a canopied tomb, with effigy, to Sit Thomas Smijth kt. principal secretary of state to Edward VI and Queen Elizabeth, ob. 1577, and Philippa, his wife, ob. 1578, and another fine tomb with effigies to Col. Sir Wiilliam Smijth, of Hill Hall, kt. D.L. ob. 1626, erected by Bridget (Fleetwood), his widow.

There are 250 sittings.

Parish Registers and Living

The register dates from the year 1564.

The living is a rectory, united with that of Stapleford Tawney, joint net yearly value £536, including 152 acres of glebe, in the gift of Sir William Bowyer-Smijth bart. and held since 1872 by Rev. Lewis Newcomen Prance M.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge, F.S.A.Lond. and rural dean of Lambourne, who resides at Stapleford Tawney rectory, Romford.

Hill Hall and Landownership

Hill Hall, a quadrangular mansion of brick with stone dressings, built in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, stands in a park and grounds, 239 acres in extent; it is now the property of Sir W. Bowyer-Smijth bart. and the residence of Charles Edward Hunter esq.

Sir W. Bowyer-Smijth bart. is lord of the manor and principal landowner.

Agriculture and Population

The soil is mixed; subsoil, London clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, roots and beans.

The area is 1,564 acres; rateable value, £1,520; the population in 1901 was 123.

Postal Services

Pillar Letter Box, North Farm House: cleared at 7.30a.m. & 6.55 p.m. week days only. Letters from Epping, the nearest money order & telegraph office, 3 miles distant, arrive at 7.15 a.m.

Public Elementary School

Public Elementary School, built in 1846, for 56 children; average attendance, 42; Mrs. Evelyn Darby, mistress.

This school is under the control of the Essex Education (Ongar) District Sub-Committee, Arnold Richardson, Ongar, clerk.

Private Residents

• Hunter Charles Edward, Hill Hall
• James Samuel George (sec. to C. E. Hunter esq.), Norths

Commercial

• Bonner Herbert, brick & tile maker
• Miller Hy. C. farmer, Sawkins farm
• Miller Jacob David, farmer, New farm
• Raby George, farmer, Skinners farm
• Smith John, farmer, Brookhouse farm
• Tarling William John, blacksmith

1 mile west from Ongar terminal station on a branch of the London and North Eastern railway, 8 north-west from Brentwood and 21 from London, in the Chelmsford division of the county, Ongar hundred, rural district and petty sessional division, Brentwood county court district, rural deanery of Ongar, archdeaconry of Southend and Chelmsford diocese.

The small church of St. Andrew is the only existing Anglo-Saxon wood church in the world, and consists of chancel, nave and a western tower of wood with shingled spire, containing one bell, which is dated 161 &: the nave is composed of the trunks of large oak trees, split asunder and set upright close to each other, being let into a sill at the bottom and fastened with wooden pins to a plate at the top and below: the church is 29ft. gin. long, 14ft. wide and 5 ft. 6in. high on the sides, which support the roof, and is believed to be the original structure in which the body of St. Edmund, king of the East Angles, murdered by the Danes, Nov. 20, 870, had sanctuary for a time on its translation from London to Bury St. Edmunds in 1013: there are some modern carvings of St. Edmund's head and various relics: the covers of the Bible and Prayer Book in the church are covered with some of the old oak from the venerable oak tree, against which St. Edmund was supposed to have been tied at his martyrdom: the tree itself known as St. Edmund's oak, was 20 feet in circumference, with branches extending over a radius of 84 feet; it fell Sept. 11, 1848 (at which time, by a singular coincidence, the timber walls of Greensted church were undergoing repair), and on examination an old arrow head was found deeply imbedded In the trunk: there is in the church a panel picture representing the martyrdom of St, Edmund, and a painting of the saint himself, a perfect specimen of the earliest Italian art and British workmanship: there are monuments to the Smyth, Cleeve and Ord families: the church has 80 sittings.

The register of baptisms dates from 1562; burials, 1561; marriages, 1576. The living is a rectory, net yearly value £200, with 2½ acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of the Bishop of London in trust, and held since 1925 by the Rev. Ralph William Doyle M.A. of Queens' College, Cambridge. Three yearly charities, viz. Rayner's, of £5 17s. 4d. ; Bournes', of £2, and Sammes', of £2 14s. 4d., were amalgamated in 1904 by a scheme of the Charity Commissioners.

Greensted Hall is the property and residence of Howel John James Price esq. D.L., J.P. The soil is various; subsoil, gravel. The chief crops are wheat, barley and roots. The area is 683 acres; the population in 1931 was 119.

Letters through Ongar, nearest M.O.& T. office

PRIVATE RESIDENTS.
(For T N's see general list of Private Residents at end of book.)

Armstrong Sidney P., Silver Birch cottage
Dacre Lacey Edward, Greensted house
Doyle Rev. Ralph William M.A., (rector), Rectory
Hoare Charles Noel, The Croft
Lloyd Jones (Mrs.), Blackstock
Maud Francis Herbert, Greensted ho
Price Howel John James D.L., J.P, Greensted hall

COMMERCIAL.

East Wm. farmer, Harding's farm
King Abel, head gardener to H. J. J. Price esq. D.L., J.P
Wilson Gavin, farmer, New Hall farm. T N Ongar 98

STANFORD RIVERS is supposed to have derived its name from a stony ford through the river Roding; the addition, "Rivers," being derived from the family of that name who resided here in 1213; it is a widely scattered parish, on the London road, 3 miles southwest from Ongar station on a branch of the London and North Eastern railway, 7 south-east from Epping, 7 from Brentwood and 19 from London, in the Chelmsford division of the county, Ongar hundred, petty sessional division and rural district, Brentwood county court district, and in Ongar rural deanery, archdeaconry of Southend and Chelmsford diocese.

The church of St. Margaret is a plain building of stone, chiefly in the Norman style, consisting of chancel, nave, and a western tower of wood, with spire, and containing 2 bells: in the south wall of the nave is a brass, with kneeling figures of a lady and six children and an inscription to " Anne Napper, late the wife of William Napper, gent, and daughter of William Shelton esq. ob. 1584:" in the chancel is another brass, to " Catherine Mvlcaster, wife of Charles Mvcaster" to whom she was married 50 years, ob. 1609: there is also a brass with effigy to Thomas Greville, infant, ob. 1492, another to Robert Barrow esq. ob. 1503; and figures of a man in armour and his wife, c. 1540: the Petres were formerly large proprietors here, and there are many flat stones in the chancel inscribed to members of this family: several members of the Stuart family, Earls and Marquises of Bute, were buried here, but with the exception of two they have been removed to Roath in Glamorganshire. the church has 300 sittings. The register dates from the year 1538. The living is a rectory, net yearly value £947, with 5a acres of glebe and residence, in the gift
of the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and held since 1902 by the Rev. John Ishmael Thomas B.A. of St. David's College, Lampeter. The Congregational chapel, erected in 1819, was destroyed by fire in 1927. A charity of £400 left by Mary Rayner in 1871 is invested in India 3 per Cents, and the interest is annually distributed in clothing to the poor of the parish. The principal landowners are Sir Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart, who is lord of the manor, and James R. Furze esq. J.P.

The soil is clay or heavy loam; subsoil, clay, gravel or sand. The chief crops are wheat, barley, beans &c. The area is 4,405 acres of land and 9 of water; the population in 1931 was 758.

LITTLEBURY is 1 mile east from the church. TOOT HILL is 2 miles north-west.

Post & Tel. Call Office. Letters through Ongar, nearest M. O. & T. office

Post & Tel. Call Office, Toot Hill. Letters through Ongar, nearest M. O. & T. office

Police Station

STANFORD RIVERS

Private Residents

(For T N's see general list of Private Residents at end of book.)

Furze James Richard J.P. Stanford Rivers hall
Harrison Christopher W. Murrell's farm
Heasman R. W. Church lane
Howgate George A. Chapel house
Laurie William, Summerhill
Muggleston John Frederick,Cesslands
Rowe Lewis Oxley, Holly Tree
Thomas Rev. John Ishmael B.A. (rector), Rectory

Commercial
Marked thus ° farm 150 acres or over.
Aylmer Archbld. Wm. White Bear 'hotel. T N Ongar 1Y4
Browning1 Neville, farmer, Lawns farm. T N Ongar 1Y5
Camp A. E. (Mrs.), shopkpr
Camp Robert James, blacksmith
Crocker Saml. chimney sweeper
Downham Jsph. shopkpr
Foster Bros, farmers, Cold hall (letters through North Weald,Epping)
Freeman D. farmer, Murrells farm. T N Ongar 104X3
°Furze James Richard, farmer, Stanford Rivers hall. T N Ongar 1X6
Green Jas. farmer, Traceys farm
Grigg Warrington E. shopkpr
Hinman Wm. fanner, Bridge farm
Hollingsworth Herbert S. shopkeeper, Post office
Johnstone William L. land steward to Sir Drammond Cunliffe Smith
bart. Wayletts. TN Ongar 1X3
Muggleston Jn. Fredk.frmr.Cesslands
°Padfield Albt.farmer,Littlebury hall
°Pearl Wm. farmer, Berwick farm
Piggott Bros. & Go. Ltd. electrcl. engnrs. T N Ongar 91
Rowe William Frederick, carpenter
Shepherd Jn. Geo. beer retlr. T N Ongar 1X5
Stanford Rivers Egg Grading Station
(Harrison & Grigg)
Tucker Jas. smallholder
Waltham Richard, farmer, Mitchell's farm (letters through Stapleford
Tawney, Romford)
Woodrow William, head keeper to Sir Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart

TOOT HILL

Private Residents

(For T F s see general list of Private Residents at end of book.)

Dearden Mrs. (letters thro' Epping)
Harding Jn. E. The Cottage
Vess Gordon Phillips, Weald's farm
Licence Arthur B. C. Covars Mead
White Frank Percy King, Fairview

Commercial

Marked thus ° farm 150 acres or over.
Amis Saml. Green Man P.H. T N Ongar 80X1
Grant S. A. farmer, Steers farm. T N Ongar 80X3
°Green Wm. farmer, Blake's farm
°Kerr James & Son, farmers, Ongar Park hall
Licence Thos. Wltr. poultry farmer
Millbank Edwd. farmer, Clark's frm
°Millbank Hy. Wm. farmer, Coleman's, Weald's & Burrows farms.
T N Ongar 80Y1
Millbank F. J., A. L. & L. P. (Misses), farmers, Widow's farm
Pledge George Thomas, farmer, Stewart's farm
Sawkins Harold G. grocer, & post office. T N North Weald 14
Welch Susan (Mrs,), beer retlr
White Arth. Jas. farmer, Does farm.

STAPLEFORD TAWNEY, which has this adjunct from a family of Tany, who owned it in the reign of Henry III, is a parish, on the north side of the Roding, opposite to Stapleford Abbots, 4 miles west from Theydon Bois station on the London and North Eastern railway, 5 south-west from Ongar, 5 south-east from Epping, 7 north from Romford and 17 from London, in the Chelmsford division of the county, Ongar hundred, petty sessional division and rural district, Romford county court district, rural deanery of Chigwell, Archdeaconry of Southend and diocese of Chelmsford.

The church of St. Mary is a small and ancient structure of flint in the Early English style, consisting of chancel, nave, south aisle, south porch and a western belfry with spire, containing 2 bells, dated 1611 and 1630: an organ was presented in 1873 by Reginald II. Prance Esq.: there are mural tablets to the Smith family and many flat stones to that of Luther from 1619 and later: in the chancel is a tomb with a brass inscription to a member of the Scott family, dated 1510: the church was restored in 1861, and during the progress of the work two stone coffins were discovered in the chancel: a new panelled roof was added in 1884: there are 200 sittings.

The register dates from the year 1558. The living is a rectory, with that of Theydon Mount annexed, joint net yearly value £800, with residence, in the gift of Lady Edward Hay, and held since 1913 by the Rev. Sidney Margetts Stanley M.A. of Trinity College, Dublin.

Charities amounting to about £25 derived from interest on Consols, are yearly distributed. Suttons, the seat of Sir Drummond Cunliffe Smith bart., is a modern building of stone, picturesquely situated in a finely wooded park through which the river Roding flows. Mrs. Battye and Mrs. Stafford Northcote are jointly ladies of the manor and principal landowners. The soil is mixed; subsoil, heavy clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, beans and oats. The area is 1,650 acres of land and 7 of water; the population in 1931 was 192 in the civil, and of the ecclesiastical parish in 1921, 357.

PASSINGFORD BRIDGE, 1 mile south, is a place in this parish on the road from Ongar to London.

Post, M. O., T. & T. E. D. Office. Letters through Romford.
(Marked thus * receive their letters through Epping.)

PRIVATE RESIDENTS.

(For T F s see general list of Private Residents at end of book.)

*Galloway Arthur Kenneth, Mount farm
Hillier Harley H. S. Talbot house
Smith Sir Drummond Cunliffe bart., Suttons, & Glenleigh, Hankham, Sussex.
Stanley Rev. Sidney Margetts M.A., (rector), The Rectory

COMMERCIAL

Marked thus + farm 150 acres or over.

*Galloway Arth. Kenneth, farmer, Mount farm. T N North Weald 27
+Gemmill Jas. farmer, Howfields
Green Stanley, farmer, Suttons farm. T N Ongar 1Y1
Knight Arth. G, shopkpr. Post office
Lamb Wm. farmer, Great Tawney hall. T N 227
Padfleld John George, farmer, Little Tawney hall. T N 303
Parker Horace, blacksmith & shoeing smith
Pittam Edward, shopkeeper
*Power Rd. farmer, Wood Hatch
*Smith Jas. Wm. beer retlr. Common
*Stubbings Thomas, farmer, Common

THEYDON MOUNT is a parish, on the banks of the Roding and on the London road, 3 miles southeast from Epping station on the Ongar branch of the London and North Eastern Railway, 7 south-west from Ongar and 17 from London, in the Chelmsford division of the county, Ongar rural district and hundred, Epping petty sessional division, Waltham Abbey county court district, rural deanery of Chigwell, archdeaconry of Southend and Chelmsford diocese.
The church of St. Michael, which was struck by lightning and destroyed in the year 1611, was rebuilt by Sir William Bowyer- Smith kt. and re-opened in 1614, and is now an edifice of brick in the Jacobean style, consisting of chancel, nave, south porch and an embattled western tower, containing one bell: there are monuments of the Smijths, or Smiths, from 1577 to 1815, including a canopied tomb, with effigy, to Sir Thomas Smith kt. principal secretary of state to Edward VI. and Queen Elizabeth, ob. 1577, and Philippa, his wife, ob.1578, and another fine tomb with, effigies to Col. Sir William Smith, of Hill Hall, kt. D.L. ob. 1626, erected by Bridget (Fleetwood), his widow: there are 250 sittings.
The register dates from the year 1564. The living is a rectory, united with that of Stapleford Tawney, joint net yearly value £800 in the gift of Lady Edward Hay, and held since 1913 by the Rev. Sidney Margetts Stanley M.A. of Trinity College, Dublin, who resides at Stapleford Tawney rectory, Romford.
Hill Hall, a quadrangular mansion of brick with stone dressings, built in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, stands in a park and grounds, 239 acres in extent; it is the property and residence of Maj. Lord Edward Douglas John Hay. Mrs. Northcote and Mrs. Battye are ladies of the manor and the principal landowners.

The soil is mixed subsoil, London clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, roots and beans. The area is 1,564 acres; the population in 1931 was 169.
Letters from Epping, the nearest M.O. & T. office.
PRIVATE RESIDENT,
Hay Maj. Lord Edward Douglas John, Hill Hall
COMMERCIAL. (Marked thus ° farm 150 acres or over.)
°Calderbank Thos. farmer, Colemans farm. T N Stapleford 304
Chambers Jack, farmer, Skinners farm
Freeman Albert, farmer, Peakes farm
Galloway Kenneth, farmer, Mount farm
°Nosworthy Jn. farmer, Hobbs Cross farm. T N Theydon. Bois 137
Tarling William John, blacksmith.

COOPERSALE, adjoining Epping, was formed into an ecclesiastical parish Oct. 22, 1852, out of the civil parish of Theydon Garnon, but for civil purposes is now principally in the parish of Epping, and still remains a part of the rectorial parish of Theydon Garnon ; it is 2 ½ miles north-east from Epping station on the Ongar branch of the London and North Eastern railway, and 7 miles east from Waltham Abbey, in the Epping division of the county, Ongar hundred, Epping rural district and petty sessional division, Waltham Abbey county court district, Chigwell rural deanery, archdeaconry of Southend and Chelmsford diocese.

The church of St. Alban, erected in 1852, at the cost of Miss Archer- Houblon, is an edifice of flint in the Early English style, consisting of chancel, nave, south porch and a western turret containing one bell: the east window is a memorial to members of the Houblon family, and a south window to Miss Archer-Houblon: an oak reredos, in memory of the late Mrs. Grain, was erected in 1923; the chancel has a credence and piscina, and on the south side are sedilia: there are 220 sittings: in 1907 a lych gate was erected as a memorial to William and Elizabeth Pearson. The register dates from the year 1852. The living is a vicarage, net yearly value £350, with 5 acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of the Bishop of Chelmsford, and held since 1931 by the Rev. Horace Baggallay Reiss M.A. of Queen's College, Oxford ; the vicarage house was built at Miss Houblon's expense. A parish room was built in 1882, opposite the vicarage, at the expense of Miss Archer—Houblon.

The Epping Institution, available for 200 inmates, is in this parish. The Institution infirmary and master's residence were erected in 1912. In 1927 an Institute was built at the cost of £1,700. Cottage Homes for 40 children have been built here.

Coopersale House, the residence of H. E. J. Camps esq. is an ancient mansion of brick and stone, situated on a declivity, to the right of the road to Epping; the grounds, of about 27 acres, are well arranged and contain a large sheet of water ; the estate was held by the Archer family from the time of Henry V. who is said to have changed the name of this family from Dubois to Archer on the occasion of a shooting match at Havering, when one Simon Dubois, his attendant at Agincourt, acquitted himself so remarkably as to win from the king this distinction. Coopersale Hall, an ancient mansion, is within the parish of Theydon Garnon. The population in 1921 was 756.

Post & Tel. Call Office, Coopersale. Letters through Epping, nearest M. O. & T. office